![]() Increasing CO 2 can help limit blood flow to some degree Term infant – large ventricular septal defectĭecreased lung compliance related to pulmonary engorgement and oedema Preterm infant – patent ductus arteriosus Reduced pulmonary blood flow secondary to increased pulmonary arteriolar tone V T and PEEP requirements depend on associated parenchymal disease Reduced pulmonary blood flow secondary to increased pulmonary arteriolar tone, exacerbated by low alveolar pO 2 and pH Lungs become relatively compliant once atelectasis resolved, and there is potential for overdistension and volutrauma if pressure settings too high. Global immaturity of respiratory system, with low respiratory muscle capacity High-frequency ventilation (especially HFJV) is preferableĬontinued leak of gas into the pleural spaceĬonsider high-frequency ventilation (if available) where there is a torrential gas leakĮxtremely preterm infant in room air shortly after birth, failing extubation due to inadequate respiratory effort Low PEEP approach may lead to persistent hypoxaemia and respiratory acidosis. Preterm infant with pulmonary interstitial emphysemaĬompression of normal airspaces by interstitial gas Low tidal volumes ( 25 cm H 2O, or if there is refractory hypoxic respiratory failure Limitation of respiratory excursion due to pain Suppression of respiratory drive due to sedation. ![]() Lungs often relatively compliant, but potential for overdistension and volutrauma if pressure settings too highĪny infant with a painful surgical incision Should only need low mandatory ventilator rate. Poor respiratory drive, physiological consequences of episodic apnoea (bradycardia and desaturation) Preterm infant with apnoea of prematurityĮx-preterm infant with respiratory syncytial virus Predominant pathophysiological disturbance(s)Ĭonsiderations regarding ventilator mode and settings ![]()
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